Julius emmner



(No Model.)

J. EMMNER, J1.

TELEPHONE TRANSMITTER.

No. 385,664. Patented July 3,1888.

'1 Inventor QJZLZL'ZLJ Emmnai;

n m hur, Washlnglnn, D. c.

tribal JULIUS EMMNER, JR, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

TELEPHONE-TRANSMITTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 385,664, dated July 3,1888.

Application filed March 22, 1887. Serial No. 232,046. (No model.)

To CLZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JULIUs EMMNER, J 1:, a citizen of the United States,residing at IVashington, in the District of Columbia, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in TelephoneTransmitters; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to telephone-transmitters.

In a patent granted to me November 24:, 1885, No. 330,879, are embodiedas main features of my invention an electrode parallel with and rigidlyattached to the diaghragm at or near its center, which electrode I havetermed the diaphragm-electrode, also, a second electrode substantiallyparallel with the diaphragm and mounted upon posts projecting from thediaphragm, but insulated therefrom or from the diaphragm-electrode,which second electrode I have termed a postelectrode, also, one or moreintermediate electrodes loosely mounted substantially at right angles tothe diaphragm in seats or recesses provided therefor in the opposingfaces of the two first-mentioned electrodes, all of these electrodesbeing mounted upon the diaphragm, and provision being made for an ad justment of the post-electrode with relation to the diaphragm-electrode,thereby to secure adjustment of the contacts of the two ends of theintermediate electrodes.

My present invention is intended as an improvement upon that forming thesubject of the patent referred to, and the objects are to simplify theconstruction, obviate the difficulties arising from the easy breakage ofthe described intermediate electrodes, present greater facility fordelicacy of adjustment, insure greater certainty of action of theapparatus, and at once increase its efficiency.

With these objects in view my invention consists in the combination,witha diaphragmelectrode of carbon, iron, platinum, or aluminium, arrangedsubstantially as in my former patent, of movable or balanced electrodeshung upon a rod or bar of metal mounted upon the diaphragm and insulatedtherefrom, whereby I dispense with the post-electrode and my balancedelectrodes take the place of the intermediate electrodes.

Furthermore, the invention consists in the combination, with adiaphragm-electrode, of balanced electrodes hung upon a rod or bar ofmetal and a piece of soft rubber, serving at once as an insulator andbeing adjustable as means for regulating the distance of the lower endsof the balanced electrodes from the diaphragm-eletrodes, whilepresenting a cushion to lessen the danger of breakage of thebalancedelectrodes in their adjustment and in their action; and, finally, theinvention consists in various novel details of construction, all ashereinafter more fully set forth, and shown in the drawings.

In the accompanying drawings,forming part of this specification, and inwhich like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts, I haveillustrated one form of embodiment of my invention.

Figure 1 is a view from above, the diaphragm being in a verticalposition, showing the diaphragm with its electrode, the movableelectrodes upon their rod or bar with means of moving them laterally andof keeping them together or allowing them to be separated, means foradjusting the extent of movement of the movable electrodes and thecushion for the ends of the movable electrodes, the relations of aninduction-coil and a battery with which the electrodes are coupled beingalso shown. Fig. 2 is a central vertical section taken through thediaphragm, the movable electrodes, and the adjustable cushion, showingthe attachment of the diaphragm-electrode to the diaphragm and therelations be 5 tween the movable electrodes and the diaphragm-electrodeand the adjustable cushion. Fig.3 is a vertical section of atransmitterbox, disclosing the transmitter in side elevation and showingmeans of mounting the movable electrodes upon the diaphragm and themeans of adjusting the rubber cushion, as well. as the general relationsof the transmitter in its box.

In the drawings, A designates a transmitter-boX, which may be of anypreferred construction and within which issuitablysecured a diaphragm,B, which may be an ordinary disk-diaphragm. At or near the center 0fthis diaphragm is rigidlysecured an electrode, 0, parallel with thediaphragm and in electric contact therewith, which electrode I term thediaphragmelectrode, and which may be made of carbon, platinum, iron, oraluminium, one side of which electrode is of greater thick; ness thanits opposite side, thus giving it an oblique upper face. This electrodeis connected to the diaphragm by a screw, 1).

At opposite sides of the diaphragm and se; cured thereto by screws orother means of fastening are provided posts I), the upper reducedportions of which are threaded and extend outward from the diaphragm atan angle thereto.

Resting upon a shoulder upon each of the posts I), and extending outwardperpendicular to the post, is placed a projection or arm, I)", composedof hard rubber or other non-conducting material, upon the end of whicharm is mounted a binding-post, 11 between which and the post upon theopposite side of the diaphragm, similarly mounted, is connected a rod orbar, b', of metal, screw-threaded at one or both ends, and upon which ismounted a series of movable or balanced electrodes, D, their lower endsreduced and pointed, and the points being held directly above the upperinclined face of the diaphragm-electrode. These electrodes areperforated at or near their centers, through which perforations thesupporting rod or bar upon which they hang passes. The rod is alsoprovided with a nut or screw near one end at one side of the balancedelectrodes, and near its other end and upon the opposite side of theelectrodes has a similar nut or screw, or, if preferable, a stationarybutton or washer to prevent lateral movement in this direction. Themovable or balanced electrodes are thus rendered laterally adjustable,the nut or screw tending to crowd them together or permitting them to beseparated, as desired.

Upon the reduced portion of the screw-post b, and resting against theinsulating arm or projection D is mounted a washer, against whichabutsasmall coiled spring, also mounted upon the post b, upon the otherend of which rests a hard-rubber or other non-conducting bar, 12 theopposite end of which bar rests upon a corresponding spring similarlymounted upon the post at the opposite side of the diaphragm. This bar bhas secured to its inner face a strip of soft rubber, b against whichthe lower pointed ends of the balanced electrodes rest, and which stripof soft rubber acts as a cushion to lessen the danger of breakage of thebalanced electrodes, and also as an insulating medium between thediaphragm and the balanced electrodes in that direction.

Upon the outer ends of the posts I) and in contact with the bar I) aremounted small sleeves, held in place by set screws upon the ends of theposts, by means of which, in connection with the spiral springs at theopposite side, the bar and cushion are adjusted upon the rods, therebybringing the balanced electrodes into close relation to or removing themfarther from the diaphragm-electrode, as may be required.

The electrodes are evenly balanced and are hung upon the rod or bar witheasy play and movement and at an angle of about forty-five degrees. Thepointed ends near the diaph ragmelectrode, resting against theadjustable softrubber cushion, which is also mounted substantially atright angles to the diaphragm, are arranged to follow the adjustmenteither toward or from the diaphragm, thus creating a more perfect anddelicate adjustment. I

The apparatus is placed in a battery-clrcult and connected with theprimary portion of the induction-coil E by the wires 6 e, which areconnected respectively to the diaphragmelcctrode by a small piece ofmetal secured between the diaphragm and the diaphragm-electrode by thescrew 1), and to the balanced or movable electrodes by the metal rodupon which the electrodes hang, and which, as herein previously shown,is thoroughly insulated from the diaphragm, the arms upon which it ismounted being made of nonconducting material.

The several electrodes may all be composed of the same material, or eachof a different material, and any one or all of them may be composite intheir character. The cheapest material known to me is carbon in itsusual form; but I have attained good results from electrodes composed ofiron, silver, platinum, or aluminium, especially the last named.

It will be observed that, inasmuch as all of my electrodes are mountedupon and carried by the diaphragm, no one of them can vary in itsadjustment, as the provisions for adjustment are such that the rubbercushion must press equally upon all of the movable electrodes.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination, with a suitable diaphragm-electrode arranged asdescribed, of a series of movable or balanced electrodes mounted on thediaphragm, but insulated therefrom and swung on a rod having devices foradjusting the balanced electrodes laterally, for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination, with the diaphragmelectrode having the oblique faceand movable or balanced electrodes mounted on the diaphragm, havingpointed or reduced ends, ofa rubber cushiomthe pointed ends of saidelectrodes lying between the cushion and the oblique face of thediaphragm-electrode.

3. The combination,with a diaphragmelectrode and movable or balancedelectrodes mounted on the diaphragm, but insulated therefrom and swungon arod or bar having means for adjustingsaid movable electrodeslaterally, of a rubber cushion against which lie or rest the lower endsof the movable electrodes, for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination, with the movable or balanced electrodes havingreduced ends and 6. The combination, with a diaphragm-electrode, ofposts mounted upon the diaphragm, said posts carrying an adjustablecushion, springs for increasing the distance between the cushion anddiaphragm -electrode, and screws for depressing the spring, anddecreasing said distance, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JULIUS EMMNER, JR.

Witnesses:

R. G. DYRENFORTH, WM. H. MOHLER.

